Reading Keypresses from Port

Checking Keys
Bitmask Chart

The problem with call _getkey is that it only gives the value of the key last pressed and only that key. If you had [2] and [ENTER] pressed at the same time, if would return 0 in a. That's not good sometimes.

Checking Keys

Another way of getting the keypresses is to read them directly from the keyport. You can read later about All the Ports and how the z80 uses them. They are numbered with the keyport being number 1.) We kinda need to send a byte out through the port and then wait a second before reading what was returned.

We use the chart below to determine the values returned. The byte sent is a bit mask and is to the left of the chart in the respective row to the key you want to check for. If you wanted to check for the [ALPHA] being pressed, you would send %10111111 through the port, get it back, and check if bit 7 were set (not being pressed now) or reset (being pressed now).

This is only to detect what keys are being held down currently whereas GetKey checked what the last key pressed was.

Let's make a loop that won't exit unless [ALPHA] is pressed. The program will then branch (jump) if so.

key_port	=1		;number of key's port
check_for_alpha:
	ld a,%11011111		;load the bit mask so port 1 knows
				; which row to check from
				; table
	out (key_port),a	;send out the bit mask
	nop			;no operation so there's some time
	nop			; to get a result back*
	in a,(key_port)		;get back the results
	bit 7,a			;[alpha]'s position
	jr z,alpha_held_down_now
	jr check_for_alpha

* Most people say you need these nop's...but in my experience they don't do jack.

You can download the MultiKey.asm key-test program to see how to use this with many other keys.

Bitmask Chart

Whenever you start using the key port, have this chart handy. It tells you the request value (bit mask) for the row of keys you want to check. Upon return, check the certain key's bit to see if it is set (not pressed now) or reset (pressed now).

Bitmask	Bit 7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
%10111111	More	Exit	2^nd	F1	F2	F3	F4	F5
%11011111	Alpha	Graph	Log	Ln	x²	,	Sto
%11101111	x-Var	Table	Sin	EE	7	4	1	0
%11110111	Del	Prgm	Cos	(	8	5	2	.
%11111011		Custom	Tan	)	9	6	3	(-)
%11111101		Clear	^	/	*	-	+	Enter
%11111110					Up	Right	Left	Down

One thing to think about in games is to clear the key buffer right before exiting your program. This way, if your program was run from a shell, it won't exit the shell too.

More from z80 » Advanced
All The Ports // APD // Assembler Directives // Entry Stack // User Fonts // IM 1 // IM 2 // Index, Shadow, and Other Registers // User Interrupt // Morphic Code // On-Off // Reading Keypresses from Port // Shift and Rotate // Simulating Key Presses // Sound // Square-Root Programs // System Flags of TI-OS